Tradition and Transformation: Harmonizing Heritage and Modernity for the Sustainability of the Malaysian Traditional Performing Arts through the Popular Culture

Abstract

In a society marked by rapid technological advancement and globalisation, the preservation and innovation of traditional performing arts present a distinctive challenge that requires a delicate balance between protecting heritage and embracing modernity. This paper explores the complex interplay between tradition and transformation within the context of Malaysia’s traditional performing arts, focusing on the challenges posed by the age gap, cultural imperialism, and the evolving landscape of entertainment and popular culture. The pivotal role of Malaysia as a case study is examined, considering its unique multicultural heritage. The paper contends that popular culture can serve as a transformative force rather than a threat to traditional arts. It introduces the late Pak Ngah as a case study, emphasizing his innovative approach in fusing traditional and modern elements to create “Traditional Pop.” Pak Ngah’s success stories and initiatives illustrate the potential of popular culture in preserving and promoting traditional arts. Pak Ngah’s model of Traditional Pop Innovation & Preservation is presented, encompassing elements of Malay-ness, Malaysian-ness, hybridity, and audience engagement. The model outlined the importance of artists possessing “twenty-first century skills.” In conclusion, the insights derived from Pak Ngah’s pioneering work offer a framework for the preservation and revitalization of traditional performing arts in Malaysia and beyond. By embracing the dynamism of popular culture and cultivating a harmonious coexistence between heritage and modernity, traditional performing arts can not only survive but thrive in the face of contemporary challenges.